They showed that the transforming principle was due to DNA. Their discovery revised the concept of genetic material from protein to DNA as genetic material. Further, experiments to find the transforming principle were done by Avery Macleod and McCarty. However, it couldn’t explain the biochemistry of genetic material. This experiment was a turning point towards the discovery of genetic material. This video explains Griffith's experiment to prove the existence of a 'transformation principle' via experimentation with mice and two kinds. Griffith did not know what was getting transferred from the heat-killed S strain to the live R strain. This phenomenon is known as the transforming principle. Transformation processes can also be referred to as data. He observed that something which he called “transforming principle” was getting transferred from heat killed S strain to live R strain which allowed the live R strain to transform into S strain which was highly pathogenic. Data transformation is the process of converting data from one format or structure into another. However, when the cells of the heat-killed smooth strains are mixed with the rough strain and injected in mice, the mice are killed. In the next experiment, the cells of the smooth strain were killed by heat, when these cells were injected into mice, the mice survived. Whereas when the cells of the rough strain are injected in mice, the mice survive. Jack Mezirow began this theory of transformational learning when he did studies on adult women who went back to school. Jack Mezirow is known as the founder of transformative learning. In Griffith’s experiment, when the cells of the smooth strain are injected in mice, the mice are killed. Transformative learning is sometimes called transformation learning, and focuses on the idea that learners can adjust their thinking based on new information. Unlike the two- dimensional case, we do not have a nice, simple explicit expression similar to Equation 2.12. We now need to address ourselves to the determination of the principal axes. When isolated from one strain of bacteria, DNA was able. 2.18: Determination of the Principal Axes. Hence, the immune system can easily kill the rough strain. In a very simple experiment, Oswald Averys group showed that DNA was the transforming principle. This makes the smooth strain highly pathogenic. In molecular biology, transformation is artificially reproduced in the lab via the creation of pores in bacterial cell membranes. Cells of the smooth strain have a protective layer known as the capsule which protects the cells against the immune system. Streptococcus pneumoniae has two types of streptococcal strains – smooth strain which is called the S strain and rough strain which is called the R strain. During the experiment, the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae was cultured. Hint: Griffith performed this experiment to find genetic material.
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